identification and comparison of effective substances in essential oil of psammogeton canescens plant collected from kerman province / iran

objective: the genus psammogeton, belonging to the umbelliferae family, has 4 annual species in iran. in the present work, psammogeton canescens (dc) methods: vatke was collected from saheb-al-zaman mountain slope, northeast of kerman province, iran in may 2013. the essential oils of leaves, flowers and stems of the plantwere separately extracted using hydrodistillation method and analyzed by gc and gc/ms. results: in the leaf oil, 25 components were identified, representing 99.5% of the total oil, with β-pinene (40.3%), dill apiole (20.4%), limonene (15.1%) and 4aα,7β,7aα-nepetalactone (6.6%) as the main constituents. the flower oil was characterized by higher amount of dill apiole (44.3%), limonene (32.4%) and β-pinene (11.4%) among the 22 components comprising 99.8% of the total oil detected. furthermore, 33 compounds were identified in the stem oil, representing 98.6% of the total oil. β-pinene (33.6%), dill apiole (27.8%), limonene (16.3%) and γ-terpinene (5.3%) were found to be the major constituents. consequently, β-pinene, dill apiole and limonene were the main components in all three oils. the dominant components of the leaf and stem oils were monoterpenes (76.0% and 64.5%, respectively), whereas phenylpropanoids (49.7%) and monoterpenes (49.2%) were the major groups of compounds in the flower oil.